Technical Papers – Satellite Characterization

Advancing Geosynchronous Satellite Classification Utilizing Spectral Data via Fine-Tuned Pretrained Deep Learning Models

Chad Mello, United States Air Force Academy; Matthew Mendoza, United States Air Force Academy; Leonardo Camacho, United States Air Force Academy; Damien Eberhardt, United States Air Force Academy

Keywords: machine learning, deep learning, transfer learning, geosynchronous, satellite, spectra,

Attitude Determination and Monitoring of 3-Axes Controlled Satellites With Photometric Observations

Adrián de Andrés, GMV; Jorge Rubio, GMV; Carlos Paulete, GMV; Diego Tirado, GMV; Ángel Gallego, GMV; Diego Escobar, GMV; Alfredo M. Antón, GMV

Keywords: Attitude determination, attitude monitoring, object characterization, photometry

Attitude Determination Model Input Parameters Constraints for the Restitution of Tumbling Motion of Defunct Satellites from Photometric Data

Henri Tarrieu, Aldoria; Lea Duthil, Aldoria; Sacha Redel, Aldoria; Alexis Petit, Aldoria

Keywords: Space Situational Awareness, Active Debris Removal, Photometry, Satellite Attitude Restitution, Optical Ground Sensors, Light Curve Inversion, Space Object Characterization

Automated 6DOF Satellite Pose Estimation From Resolved Ground-Based Imagery

Thomas Dickinson, AFIT/CI, Rochester Institute of Technology Center for Imaging Science; Derek Walvoord, Rochester Institute of Technology Center for Imaging Science; Michael Gartley, Rochester Institute of Technology Center for Imaging Science

Keywords: deep learning, machine learning, pose estimation, 6DOF, computer vision, domain gap, automation

Centroiding Caused Errors in Tracking and Adaptive Optics

Joshua Garretson, U. S. Space Force

Keywords: Centroiding, Centroid Anisoplanatism, Tilts, Tracking Error, Jitter, Adaptive Optics

CubeSat Radar Cross-Section Measurement Campaign

Matt Mayne, Dstl

Keywords: RCS, RF, Radar, Measurement, SDA, CubeSat

Detection in Deep Space from the Southern Hemisphere of Near Earth Objects Using a Combined Radar/Optical System

Ed Kruzins, UNSW Canberra Space; Lance Benner, JPL; Melrose Brown, UNSW Canberra Space; David Coward, University of Western Australia; Guifre Molera Calves, University of Tasmania; Phil Edwards, CSIRO; Jon Giorgini, JPL; Steve Guedon, UNSW; Shinji Horiuchi, CSIRO; Bruce Gendre, University of Western Australia; John Kennewell, Australian Space Academy; Andrew Lambert, Unsw Canberra Space; Joseph Lazio, JPL; Benjamin Linsten, University of Western Australia; John Moore, University of Western Australia; Dorota Mieczkowska, 8 Polish Space Agency; Edwin Peters, Unsw Canberra Space; Chris Phillips, CSIRO; Tom Riddell, UNSW; Jamie Stevens, CSIRO; Arie Verveer, University of Western Australia

Keywords: Near Earth Objects, Radar, Optical, Southern Hemisphere, Deep Space

Dynamic EO/IR Satellite Signature Prediction with High-Fidelity MuSES Simulation

Corey Packard, ThermoAnalytics, Inc.; Casey Demars, The Tech7 Company; Logan Canull, ThermoAnalytics, Inc.; David Tyler, The Tech7 Company; Chris Rodgers, The Tech7 Company; Zachary Edel, ThermoAnalytics, Inc.; Timofey Golubev, ThermoAnalytics, Inc.

Keywords: EOIR, simulation, MuSES, signature, contract, EO/IR, LWIR, modeling, SDA, SSA, 3D, thermal, daylight, characterization

Estimating Physical Properties of 3U CubeSat’s Rotation Based on Photometric Observations and Solar Illumination Modeling

Takuro Tsuchikawa, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation; Takao Endo, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation; Hidenobu Tsuji, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

Keywords: light curve, satellite's rotation, CubeSat

High-Fidelity Light Curve Simulation and Validation Using Empirical Data

Tristan Meyer, German Aerospace Center (DLR); Denise Keil, German Aerospace Center (DLR); Daniel Traub, German Aerospace Center (DLR); Stefan Scharring, German Aerospace Center (DLR); Wolfgang Riede, German Aerospace Center (DLR); Thomas Dekorsy, German Aerospace Center (DLR); Max Nussbaum, DiGOS Potsdam GmbH; Michael Lengowski, University of Stuttgart; Robin Schweigert, University of Stuttgart; Sabine Klinkner, University of Stuttgart

Keywords: Light curves, object characterization, light curve simulation, reflectivity maps, SSA, space debris, Flying Laptop

High-Resolution Radar Imaging of Space Objects

Simon Anger, German Aerospace Center (DLR); Matthias Jirousek, German Aerospace Center (DLR); Stephan Dill, German Aerospace Center (DLR); Markus Peichl, German Aerospace Center (DLR)

Keywords: Radar imaging, Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR), IoSiS, Imaging of satellites in Space, space situational awareness, high-resolution

ML-Based Photometric Fingerprinting at Scale for LEO Satellite Monitoring

Timothy Olson, Slingshot Aerospace; Clarice Reid, Slingshot Aerospace; Cam Key, Slingshot Aerospace; Brian Williams, Slingshot Aerospace; David Witman, Slingshot Aerospace; Jeff Shaddix, Slingshot Aerospace; Dylan Kesler, Slingshot Aerospace; Belinda Marchand, Slingshot Aerospace

Keywords: Space Situational Awareness, Space Domain Awareness, Machine Learning, Predictive Analytics, Photometric Change Detection, Satellite Characterization, Low Earth Orbit, Simulation, Photometric Fingerprinting

Multi-Layered Machine Learning for Rapid LEO Object Characterization Leveraging Global Radar Data

Harry She, LeoLabs; Chandler Phelps, LeoLabs; Owen Marshall, LeoLabs; Erin Dale, LeoLabs

Keywords: Machine learning, object typing, classification, clustering, LEO, ground-based radar network, XGBoost, characterization, Space Domain Awareness, Space Situational Awareness, LeoLabs, Radar, S-Band, UHF, Maneuverability, Artificial intelligence

Multi-Perspective Multi-Modal PoL Characterization of LEO Objects

Rithwik Neelakantan, Digantara Research and Technologies Private Limited, India; Sivalinga Raja Shanmugam, Digantara Research and Technologies Private Limited, India; Ankit Agrawal, Digantara Research and Technologies Private Limited, India; Latha S, Digantara Research and Technologies Private Limited, India; Nistala Venkat Viashnavi Lakshimi, Digantara Research and Technologies Private Limited, India; Tanveer Ahmed, Digantara Research and Technologies Private Limited, India

Keywords: Pattern of life characterization, maneuver detection, Low Earth Orbit

Multi-Phenomenology Fusion for Satellite Identification

Trevor Putman, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab; Major Caleb McComas, Space Security Defense Program; Lt. Col.Julia Faustman, Space Security Defense Program

Keywords: fusion, Bayesian, classifier, characterization, identification

Photometric Attitude Estimation Using Gaussian Process Regression

Ryui Hara, Kyushu university; Yasuhiro Yoshimura, Kyushu university; Toshiya Hanada, Kyushu university

Keywords: Light Curves, Attitude, Gaussian Process Regression

Photometric Patterns as a Key for Determining the Orientation of the Rotation Axis of RSO

Oleksandr Kozhukhov, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine; Nikolay Koshkin, Astronomical Observatory of Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University; Leonid Shakun, Astronomical Observatory of Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University; Oleksandr Bryukhovetskyi, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine; Oleksandr Vasyltsiun, National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine; Thomas Schildknecht, University of Bern, Astronomical Institute; Alessandro Vananti, University of Bern, Astronomical Institute; Palash Patole, University of Bern, Astronomical Institute; Fabrizio Piergentili, University of Rome – La Sapienza; Lorenzo Mariani, University of Rome – La Sapienza; Andrew Hammett, UK Space Agency; Robert Sherwood, NERC Space Geodesy Facility; Toshifumi Yanagisawa, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Hirohisa Kurosaki, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Viktor Kudak, Uhzhorod National University, Laboratory of Space Research; Vasyl Perig, Uhzhorod National University, Laboratory of Space Research; Igor Salnikov, Astronomical Observatory of Lviv University; Yeva Vovchyk, Astronomical Observatory of Lviv University; Ilgmars Eglitis, Institute of Astronomy University of Latvia; Jorge del Pino, Institute of Astronomy University of Latvia; Kalvis Salmins, Institute of Astronomy University of Latvia; Germano Bianchi, INAF – National Institute for Astrophysics; Pierluigi Di Lizia, Politecnico di Milano

Keywords: LEO, Space Debris, Photometry

Preliminary Study of Hyperspectral Unmixing Analysis Associated to Resident Space Objects Using DIRSIG^TM

Aryzbe Najera, University of Texas at El Paso; Ana C. Chavez-Lopez, University of Texas at El Paso; Leah A. Porras, University of Texas at El Paso; Miguel Velez-Reyes, University of Texas at El Paso

Keywords: DIRSIG, SDA, Unresolved Space Objects, Satellite Characterization

Space Weather Effect via Periodic Photometric Observations of Geostationary Satellites

Matej Zigo, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia; Katarína Sabolová, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia; Jiří Šilha, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia

Keywords: Space weathering, photometry, GEO satellites

Super-Resolution Object Characterization in Low Earth Orbit (SROC LEO)

Stacey Jones, O Analytics, Inc.

Keywords: Super Resolution, low Earth Orbit, LEO, Satellite Detection, Object Characterization

Transformer Models for Efficient EO/IR Signature Generation

Nathan Highsmith, Modern Technology Solutions, Inc.; Jorge O'Farrill, MTSI

Keywords: Digital Twins, Transformers, Adaptive Optimization, Adversarial Testing